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1781

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Millennium: 2nd millennium
Centuries:
Decades:
Years:
October 19: Britain's General Cornwallis surrenders to General Washington at Yorktown, conceding American victory in war.
1781 in various calendars
Gregorian calendar1781
MDCCLXXXI
Ab urbe condita2534
Armenian calendar1230
ԹՎ ՌՄԼ
Assyrian calendar6531
Balinese saka calendar1702–1703
Bengali calendar1188
Berber calendar2731
British Regnal year21 Geo. 3 – 22 Geo. 3
Buddhist calendar2325
Burmese calendar1143
Byzantine calendar7289–7290
Chinese calendar庚子年 (Metal Rat)
4478 or 4271
    — to —
辛丑年 (Metal Ox)
4479 or 4272
Coptic calendar1497–1498
Discordian calendar2947
Ethiopian calendar1773–1774
Hebrew calendar5541–5542
Hindu calendars
 - Vikram Samvat1837–1838
 - Shaka Samvat1702–1703
 - Kali Yuga4881–4882
Holocene calendar11781
Igbo calendar781–782
Iranian calendar1159–1160
Islamic calendar1195–1196
Japanese calendarAn'ei 10 / Tenmei 1
(天明元年)
Javanese calendar1706–1707
Julian calendarGregorian minus 11 days
Korean calendar4114
Minguo calendar131 before ROC
民前131年
Nanakshahi calendar313
Thai solar calendar2323–2324
Tibetan calendar阳金鼠年
(male Iron-Rat)
1907 or 1526 or 754
    — to —
阴金牛年
(female Iron-Ox)
1908 or 1527 or 755
March 9: Siege of Pensacola
March 13: Uranus is discovered.
September 28: The Siege of Yorktown begins.

1781 (MDCCLXXXI) was a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and a common year starting on Friday of the Julian calendar, the 1781st year of the Common Era (CE) and Anno Domini (AD) designations, the 781st year of the 2nd millennium, the 81st year of the 18th century, and the 2nd year of the 1780s decade. As of the start of 1781, the Gregorian calendar was 11 days ahead of the Julian calendar, which remained in localized use until 1923.

Events

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January–March

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April–June

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July–September

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September 5: Battle of the Chesapeake

October–December

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Date unknown

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Births

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Swaminarayan
George Stephenson

Date unknown

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Deaths

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Gotthold Ephraim Lessing
Túpac Amaru II

Date unknown

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References

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  1. ^ Williams, Hywel (2005). Cassell's Chronology of World History. London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson. pp. 333–334. ISBN 0-304-35730-8.
  2. ^ Penguin Pocket On This Day. Penguin Reference Library. 2006. ISBN 0-14-102715-0.
  3. ^ "The Rebellion of Tupac-Amaru II", in The Hispanic American Historical Review (February 1919) p20
  4. ^ William J. Bennett and John T.E. Cribb, The American Patriot's Almanac: Daily Readings on America (Thomas Nelson, Inc. 2013) p125
  5. ^ "John Paul Jones and Our First Triumphs on the Sea", in The American Monthly Review of Reviews (July 1905) p42
  6. ^ Albert Bushnell Hart, ed., American History Told by Contemporaries (Macmillan, 1908) p600
  7. ^ Michael Lee Lannin, African Americans in the Revolutionary War (Citadel Press, 2005) p86
  8. ^ "BBC History British History Timeline". Archived from the original on September 9, 2007. Retrieved September 3, 2007.
  9. ^ "History & Facts". Washington & Jefferson College. Archived from the original on July 8, 2011. Retrieved September 10, 2010.
  10. ^ Gilman, D. C.; Peck, H. T.; Colby, F. M., eds. (1905). "Arnim, Ludwig Joachim von" . New International Encyclopedia (1st ed.). New York: Dodd, Mead.
  11. ^ Eva R. Trautmann; Adelbert von Chamisso (1986). The Alaska diary of Adelbert von Chamisso, naturalist on the Kotzebue voyage, 1815-1818. Cook Inlet Historical Society. p. 1.
  12. ^ Harnsberger, Lindsey (1997). Essential dictionary of music: definitions, composers, theory, instrument & vocal ranges. Los Angeles: Alfred Pub. Co. p. 181. ISBN 9780882847283.
  13. ^ Leonard, Irving A. (1954). "Andrés Bello (1781-1865), National Hero". The Hispanic American Historical Review. 34 (4): 502–505. doi:10.2307/2509082. ISSN 0018-2168. JSTOR 2509082.
  14. ^ Khan, Moin-Ud-Din (April 1, 1963). "Haji Shari'at-Allah". Journal of the Pakistan Historical Society. 11 (2): 106. ProQuest 1301938794.
  15. ^ Yasukata, Toshimasa (2002). Lessing's philosophy of religion and the German enlightenment: Lessing on Christianity and reason. Oxford New York: Oxford University Press. p. 118. ISBN 9780198033103.
  16. ^ "Johannes Ewald". Illustreret dansk Literaturhistorie. Retrieved August 1, 2020.
  17. ^ Klemme, Heiner (2016). The Bloomsbury dictionary of eighteenth-century German philosophers. New York: Bloomsbury Publishing Plc. p. 189. ISBN 9781474255981.
  18. ^  This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domainChisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Götz, Johann Nikolaus". Encyclopædia Britannica (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press.
  19. ^ Antonio Ezquerro Esteban, Música instrumental en las catedrales españolas en la época ... - 2004 - Page 47 Institució Milà i Fontanals. Departament de Musicologia "En Diciembre de 1781 había fallecido el maestro de capilla de la Catedral de Segovia (que antes lo fuera de Albarracín), Juan Montón y Mallén. Al año siguiente se eligió ahí para cubrir la vacante a Pedro Aranaz y Vides, ..."
  20. ^ Kalleklev, Katrine (June 18, 2024). "Samuel Conrad Schwach". Store norske leksikon (in Norwegian). Retrieved October 26, 2024.

Further reading

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